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氢能动力车的优缺点是什么？

2022-10-27 15:40

氢能动力车的优缺点是什么？详解氢燃料汽车的优缺点

氢能动力车的驱动能量来源于氢气。氢燃料与空气中的氧气结合，核心部件燃料电池发生化学反应产生电能（注意不是纯燃烧），从而用电驱动车辆。氢燃料电池汽车的驱动力来自车上的电动机，就像纯电动汽车一样，所以氢燃料电池汽车可以理解为“自带氢燃料发电机的电动汽车”，所以氢燃料电池汽车本身也是EV A类车型。

氢燃料电池汽车是环保汽车。氢燃料电池汽车零排放、行驶里程长、加氢时间短，与汽油车相当。它们已被用作新能源汽车的技术路线之一。在氢能动力车中，有电动汽车、氢燃料汽车，还有各种为新能源提供动力的汽车。下面小编就和大家详细探讨一下氢燃料电池汽车的优缺点：

氢能动力车的优势

1、优异的折叠节能环保性能：在氢燃料电池的整个运行过程中，除了消耗氧气和空气外，没有其他能源消耗，不加油也不充电，节能性能毋庸置疑。同时，氢燃料电池电堆在发电的过程中只产生水，所以它的优势就是实现了“零排放”的目标。

2、折叠容易实现：氢燃料发动机的实际应用比较容易实现。传统内燃机的结构只需稍加改动就可以用氢气燃烧，可以充分利用世界上现有的汽车发动机生产线和配套设施。是汽车发动机氢能应用经济、应用广泛的解决方案。

氢燃料电池汽车的缺点

1、氢气的来源：与氮气和氧气不同，氢气是空气中重要的成分。如果想得到氢气，可以电解水，但这是一种不经济的方法，而且能量损失巨大！如果您考虑一下，请从水电解开始，它会消耗电力并产生氢气。氢气再生发电过程中会有能量损失；电解水的电现在主要靠煤电，燃煤发电也会有能量损失。 

2、金属铂在氢燃料电池发电过程中用作催化剂。这种金属就是我们买婚戒时比24K金还贵的铂金。如果我们大规模生产氢燃料电池，这个铂金就是瓶颈。规模化生产后没有降低成本的效果。相反，需求越多，价格就越贵。这很好？

3、氢气的安全性：有人说携带氢气瓶就像携带氢气。这个氢气瓶会爆炸吗？氢气是轻的气体，其扩散性强。氢气的扩散率是空气的 3.8 倍，是汽油的 7.5 倍。可以证明氢气比汽油更安全。因此少量泄漏的氢气可以迅速稀释成空气中的安全混合物。氢气比重小，容易向上逸出，这使得氢气在发生事故时的影响要小得多。


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